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Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), also commonly referred to as mast cell activation disorder (MCAD), is an immunological condition in which mast cells inappropriately and excessively release chemical mediators, resulting in a range of chronic symptoms, sometimes including anaphylaxis or near-anaphylaxis attacks.〔Valent, P. "Mast Cell Activation Syndromes: Definition and Classification." Allergy 68.4 (2013): 417-24. Web. Unlike mastocytosis, where patients have an abnormally increased number of mast cells, patients with MCAS have a normal number of mast cells that do not function properly and are defined as "hyperresponsive."〔 MCAS is still a poorly understood condition and is a current topic of research.〔White, Andrew, Dr. "A Tale of Two Syndromes – POTS and MCAS." The Dysautonomia Dispatch. Dysautonomia International, 17 Feb. 2015. Web. 12 Oct. 2015. MCAS is often found in patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS).〔 ==Symptoms and Triggers== MCAS is a condition that affects multiple systems, generally in an inflammatory manner. Symptoms typically wax and wane over time, varying in severity and duration. Many signs and symptoms are the same as those for Mastocytosis, because both conditions result in too many mediators released by mast cells.〔Afrin, Lawrence B. "A Concise, Practical Guide to Diagnostic Assessment for Mast Cell Activation Disease." WJH World Journal of Hematology 3.1 (2014): 155-232. Web. Common symptoms include:〔〔 :''Dermatological'' ::-flushing ::-easy bruising ::-either a reddish or a pale complexion ::-itchiness :''Cardiovascular'' ::-lightheadedness, dizziness, presyncope, syncope :''Gastrointestinal'' ::-diarrhea, cramping, intestinal discomfort ::-nausea, vomitting :''Psychological & Neurological'' ::-brain fog, short term memory dysfunction, difficulty with recalling words ::-headaches, migraines :''Respiratory'' ::-congestion, coughing, wheezing :''Vision/Eyes'' ::-ocular discomfort, conjunctivitis :''Constitutional'' ::-general fatigue and malaise ::-food and drug intolerances ::-sense of being cold all the time :''Musculoskeletal'' ::-osteoporosis and osteopenia (including young patients) :Anaphylaxis ''If too many mediators are spilt into your system, patients may also experience anaphylaxis, which primarily includes: difficulty breathing, itchy hives, flushing or pale skin, feeling of warmth, weak and rapid pulse, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness and fainting.'' Symptoms can be caused or worsened by triggers, which vary widely and are patient-specific. Common triggers include:〔 :-specific foods and drinks (especially alcohol, and high-histamine content foods) :-temperature extremes :-airborne smells including perfumes or smoke :-exercise or exertion :-emotional stress 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mast cell activation syndrome」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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